Association between asthma and sleep hours in Brazilian adolescents: ERICA

Abstract Objective To investigate the association between asthma and sleep duration in participants of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents. Materials and methods Cross-sectional, national, school-based study, involving adolescents aged 12-17 years. In the period between 2013−14, data from 59,442 participants were analyzed. Bivariate analysis between current asthma and short sleep duration, defined as < 7 h/night, was performed separately with the other variables analyzed: sex, age group, type of school, weight categories, and common mental disorders. Then, different generalized linear models with Poisson family and logarithmic link functions were used to assess the independence of potential confounding covariates associated with both asthma and short sleep duration in the previous analysis. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and a value of p < 0.05 was considered significant for all analyses performed. Results Prevalence of current asthma was 13.4%, being significantly higher among students with short sleep duration (PR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.35; p = 0.034). This remained significant even after adjusting for the other study covariates. Conclusion There was a positive association between the prevalence of current asthma and short sleep duration among Brazilian adolescents. Considering the high prevalence and morbidity of the disease in this age group, the promotion of sleep hygiene should be considered as a possible health strategy aimed at contributing to better control of asthma in this population.

Ceratoconjuntivite alérgica e ceratocone / Atopic keratoconjunctivitis and keratoconus

Objetivos: apresentar um paciente com ceratoconjuntivite alérgica que pela demora no diagnóstico, evoluiu com déficit visual e ceratocone bilateral. Descrição: Paciente masculino, doze anos, com história de asma e rinite alérgica desde os três anos de idade. Aos nove anos iniciou prurido ocular intenso, hiperemia e eritema palpebral. Evoluiu com dificuldade de aprendizado e déficit visual sendo diagnosticado ceratocone bilateral aos onze anos. Comentários: A ceratoconjuntivite atópica é uma forma grave de conjuntivite alérgica, geralmente associada a atopia. O prurido intenso acarreta complicações oculares irreversíveis com possível perda visual. O ceratocone é um distúrbio progressivo em que a córnea adquire uma forma cônica irregular. O início ocorre em torno da puberdade, com lenta progressão subseqüente. O diagnóstico e o tratamento precoces da conjuntivite alérgica se fazem necessário para evitar as complicações da doença